- babakota
- backwaters
- baculum
- bakombolo
- Balance
- banks
- baobab
- Bar graph
- Bara
- basad
- basophil
- Bathypelagic
- behavior
- Bemaraha
- Bemarivo
- Benthic
- Berenty
- Betampona
- Betsileo
- Betsimisaraka
- Beza-Mahafaly
- Bezanozano
- biarmed
- Bias
- bicolored
- bifid
- Bifurcation
- bilateral
- bilharzia
- bilobate
- binocular
- Binomen
- Biogeographical regions
- Biogeography
- Biological species concept
- biologist
- biology
- biomass
- Biome
- Biometrics
- Biostratigraphical zones
- biota
- biotope
- bladder
- blastopore
- blastula
- blood
- bone
- Bootstrapping
- Bora
- border
- Box Truss
- brachiation
- brachyodont
- Branch and bound
- breeding
- Brooks Parsimony Analysis
- brousse
- buccal
- buccolingual
- bunodont